Colder temperatures cause what effect on the altimeter?

When considering how colder temperatures impact an altimeter, it is important to understand the relationship between air temperature, pressure, and altitude readings. The altimeter is calibrated to a standard atmospheric model, which assumes a specific temperature lapse rate. When temperatures are colder than the standard atmosphere, the pressure at a given altitude is actually higher than what the altimeter would expect based on the set standard.

As a result, the altimeter reads a higher altitude than the true altitude because it is calibrated under the assumption of warmer air. Consequently, if you are at a particular pressure level under cold air conditions, the altimeter will indicate that you are higher than you really are. This discrepancy can have significant implications, especially in aviation, where accurate altitude readings are crucial for safety and navigation. Understanding this principle is essential for effective altitude management and ensuring safe flight operations in varying temperature conditions.