How can a microburst be detected?

The detection of a microburst is most effectively accomplished through the use of advanced meteorological tools such as an anemometer, Doppler radar, or Pilot Reports (PIREPs). An anemometer measures wind speed and can help identify rapid changes in wind direction and intensity, which are characteristic of microbursts. Doppler radar is particularly instrumental in detecting the strong downdrafts associated with microbursts by analyzing the movement of precipitation particles in the atmosphere. PIREPs provide real-time reports from pilots regarding weather phenomena they encounter, which can include observations of microbursts during flight.

While visual observation can sometimes detect signs of a microburst, relying solely on visual cues is often insufficient, especially since microbursts can occur rapidly and without visible indicators. Ground conditions may also show effects of a microburst after it has occurred but do not provide the immediate detection necessary for safety. Satellite imagery can show large-scale weather patterns but lacks the resolution and specificity needed to identify microbursts directly. Therefore, option B encompasses the most effective means of detecting microbursts through technology and reports that provide real-time data.