What is the difference between climate and weather?

The correct choice highlights that weather pertains to short-term atmospheric conditions, including temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure at a specific time and place. Weather can change rapidly; for example, it can go from sunny to rainy within a matter of hours.

In contrast, climate refers to the average weather patterns over a longer period, typically 30 years or more, in a specific region. It encompasses the typical conditions one might expect during a particular season in a particular area. Understanding this distinction is crucial, as it helps in various applications such as agriculture, disaster preparedness, and climate change assessments. The options that discuss climate in terms of short-term atmospheric conditions or humidity measurements misrepresent the fundamental definitions, as those aspects do not accurately capture what climate truly entails.