Which natural phenomenon often leads to increased thunderstorm activity?

The correct choice is linked to the phenomenon known as El Niño, which significantly impacts global weather patterns, including increased thunderstorm activity. During an El Niño event, warmer sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean alter atmospheric circulation patterns. This can result in increased moisture availability and instability in the atmosphere, creating conditions conducive to thunderstorms.

The interaction between warmer ocean waters and atmospheric currents enhances convection, leading to more frequent and intense thunderstorms in various regions, particularly in areas that normally experience dry conditions. This influence can extend beyond the Pacific region and contribute to changes in precipitation patterns globally, often intensifying thunderstorms in the Southeast U.S. and other areas.

In contrast, while La Niña can lead to different impacts on storm systems and precipitation patterns, it often results in decreased thunderstorm activity in certain regions compared to El Niño. High pressure systems are generally associated with stable, dry weather and less likelihood of thunderstorms. Cold fronts do contribute to thunderstorm development but are typically localized events that lead to thunderstorms in specific areas rather than the widespread increase in activity associated with El Niño.